Gupakira ni hose.Ibipfunyika byinshi bitwara umutungo ningufu zitari nke mugihe cyo gukora no gutwara.Ndetse no gutanga toni 1 yipakira amakarito, ifatwa nk "ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije" nabaguzi benshi, bisaba byibuze ibiti 17, litiro 300 zamavuta, litiro 26.500 zamazi na 46.000 kW ingufu.Izi paki zikoreshwa mubisanzwe zifite ubuzima bwigihe gito cyane, kandi umwanya munini uzinjira mubidukikije kubera gufata nabi kandi bigahinduka nyirabayazana yibibazo bitandukanye bidukikije.
Kubipakira umwanda, igisubizo cyihuse ni uguteza imbere ibipfunyika birambye, ni ukuvuga iterambere nogukoresha ibipfunyika bisubirwamo, bikoreshwa, kandi bikozwe mubikoresho cyangwa ibikoresho bishobora kuvugururwa byihuse.Hamwe no kongera amatsinda y’abaguzi kumenya kurengera ibidukikije, kunoza ibipfunyika kugirango bigabanye ibidukikije by’ibicuruzwa byabaye imwe mu nshingano z’imibereho ibigo bigomba gukora.
Gupakira biramba ni iki?
Gupakira birambye birenze gukoresha udusanduku twangiza ibidukikije no gutunganya ibicuruzwa, bikubiyemo ubuzima bwose bwo gupakira kuva kumpera yimbere kugeza kujugunya inyuma.Ibipimo birambye byo gupakira ibicuruzwa byagaragajwe na Coalition ihamye yo gupakira harimo:
· Inyungu, umutekano nubuzima bwiza kubantu hamwe nabantu mubuzima bwabo bwose
· Kuzuza ibisabwa ku isoko kubiciro no gukora
· Koresha ingufu zishobora gukoreshwa mu gutanga amasoko, gukora, gutwara no gutunganya ibicuruzwa
· Gutezimbere ikoreshwa ryibikoresho bishobora kuvugururwa
· Yakozwe hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga risukuye
· Gukoresha ibikoresho n'imbaraga ukoresheje igishushanyo mbonera
· Isubirwamo kandi irashobora gukoreshwa
Nk’uko ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa n’ikigo mpuzamahanga cy’ubujyanama cyitwa Accenture kibitangaza, kimwe cya kabiri cy’abaguzi bafite ubushake bwo kwishyura amafaranga yo gupakira neza.Iyi ngingo irerekana ibishushanyo 5 bishya birambye byo gupakira.Zimwe murizo manza zabonye urwego runaka rwo kwemerwa kumasoko yabaguzi.Berekana ko gupakira birambye bitagomba kuba umutwaro.Ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze,gupakira birambyeifite ubushobozi bwo kugurisha neza no kwagura ibicuruzwa.
Gupakira mudasobwa hamwe nibimera
Gupakira hanze yibikoresho bya elegitoronike ahanini bikozwe muri polystirene (cyangwa resin), idashobora kwangirika kandi ntishobora gukoreshwa cyane.Kugirango iki kibazo gikemuke, ibigo byinshi birimo gushakisha byimazeyo imikoreshereze y’ibimera bishingiye ku bimera bikoreshwa mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere udushya.
Fata Dell mu nganda za elegitoroniki.Mu myaka yashize, mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ikoreshwa ryinshi ry’ibikoresho bigezweho bishobora kwangirika, Dell yatangije ibipfunyika bishingiye ku migano hamwe n’ibipfunyika bishingiye ku bihumyo mu nganda za mudasobwa bwite.Muri byo, imigano ni igihingwa kitoroshye, cyoroshye kubyara kandi gishobora guhinduka ifumbire.Nibikoresho byiza byo gupakira kugirango bisimbuze impapuro, ifuro nimpapuro zikoreshwa mubipfunyika.Ibice birenga 70% by'ipaki ya mudasobwa igendanwa ya Dell bikozwe mu migano yatumijwe mu mashyamba y’imigano yo mu Bushinwa yubahiriza amabwiriza y’inama ishinzwe kwita ku mashyamba (FSC).
Ibipfunyika bishingiye ku bihumyo birakwiriye cyane nko kwisiga ku bicuruzwa biremereye nka seriveri na desktop kuruta gupakira imigano, bikwiriye cyane ku bicuruzwa byoroheje nka mudasobwa zigendanwa na terefone.Igishishwa gishingiye ku gihumyo cyakozwe na Dell ni mycelium ikorwa no gushyira imyanda isanzwe y’ubuhinzi nka pamba, umuceri, nuduseke tw ingano mu ifu, gutera inshinge, no kunyura mu minsi 5 kugeza 10.Ubu buryo bwo kubyaza umusaruro ntibushobora kugabanya gusa gukoresha ibikoresho gakondo hashingiwe ku gushimangira kurinda ibicuruzwa biva mu bikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ariko kandi byoroshya kwangirika byihuse kw’ifumbire mvaruganda nyuma yo kuyikoresha.
Glue isimbuza impeta esheshatu zuzuye
Impeta esheshatu zuzuye za pulasitike ni impeta ya pulasitike ifite imyobo itandatu izengurutse ishobora guhuza amabati atandatu y’ibinyobwa, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu Burayi no muri Amerika.Ubu bwoko bwa impeta ya pulasitike ntabwo bufitanye isano gusa n’ikibazo cy’umusaruro n’umwanda uhumanya, ariko imiterere yihariye nayo iroroshye cyane kwizirika mu mubiri w’inyamaswa zimaze kwinjira mu nyanja.Mu myaka ya za 1980, inyoni zo mu nyanja miliyoni 1 n’inyamabere 100.000 z’inyamabere zapfuye buri mwaka bazize impeta za pulasitike esheshatu.
Kuva aho ububi bw'ibi bipfunyika bwa pulasitike bwagaragaye, amasosiyete atandukanye y'ibinyobwa azwi yagerageje gushaka uburyo bwo koroshya impeta za pulasitike mu myaka yashize.Nyamara, plastiki yangirika iracyari plastiki, kandi impeta ya plastike yangirika iragoye gukemura ikibazo cyumwanda wibikoresho bya plastiki ubwayo.Muri 2019 rero, uruganda rw’inzoga rwo muri Danemarike Carlsberg rwashyize ahagaragara igishushanyo gishya, "Snap Pack": Byatwaye isosiyete imyaka itatu n’ibisubirwamo 4000 kugira ngo ikore igiti cyari gifite imbaraga zihagije zo gufata amabati atandatu y’amabati afatanyirizwa hamwe kugira ngo asimbure gakondo impeta ya pulasitike, kandi ibiyigize ntibibuza amabati gutunganywa nyuma.
Nubwo Snap Pack iriho ikeneye kuba ifite "ikiganza" gikozwe mu gipande cyoroshye cya plastiki hagati yinzoga, iki gishushanyo kiracyafite ingaruka nziza kubidukikije.Dukurikije ibigereranyo bya Carlsberg, Snap Pack irashobora kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho bya pulasitike toni zirenga 1.200 ku mwaka, ibyo bikaba bidafasha kugabanya imyanda ya pulasitike gusa, ahubwo binagabanya neza Carlsberg ubwayo ibyuka bihumanya.
Guhindura plastike yinyanja mumacupa yisabune
Nkuko twabivuze mu ngingo zabanjirije iyi, 85% by'imyanda yo ku mucanga ku isi ni imyanda ya plastiki.Keretse niba isi ihinduye uburyo plastiki ikorwa, ikoreshwa kandi ikajugunywa, ubwinshi bw’imyanda ya pulasitike yinjira mu bidukikije byo mu mazi ishobora kugera kuri toni miliyoni 23-37 ku mwaka mu 2024. Hamwe na plastiki zajugunywe mu nyanja no guhora bitanga umusaruro mushya gupakira plastike, kuki utagerageza gukoresha imyanda ya marine mugupakira?Ukizirikana ibi, mu 2011, ikirango cyo muri Amerika cyitwa detergent Method cyakoze icupa ryambere ryisabune yisabune yisi yakozwe mumyanda ya plastike yo mu nyanja.
Icupa ryisabune yisukari ya plastike iva kumyanyanja ya Hawayi.Abakozi b'iki kirango bamaranye umwaka urenga ku giti cyabo bitabira gahunda yo gukusanya imyanda ya pulasitike ku nkombe za Hawayi, hanyuma bakorana n’umufatanyabikorwa w’ibicuruzwa witwa Envision Plastics kugira ngo bategure uburyo bwo gutunganya plastiki., kuri injeniyeri marine PCR plastike yujuje ubuziranenge nkisugi HDPE hanyuma ukayishyira mubipfunyika kubicuruzwa bishya.
Kugeza ubu, amacupa y’isabune y’amazi y’ibigori arimo plastiki yongeye gukoreshwa ku buryo butandukanye, muri yo 25% ikomoka ku kuzenguruka inyanja.Abashinze iki kirango bavuga ko gukora ibipfunyika bya pulasitike muri pulasitike yo mu nyanja bidashobora byanze bikunze kuba igisubizo cyanyuma ku kibazo cya plastiki yo mu nyanja, ariko bakizera ko ari intambwe igana mu nzira nziza ko hari uburyo bwo kubona plastike imaze kuba ku isi.yongeye gukoreshwa.
Amavuta yo kwisiga ashobora guhagarikwa muburyo butaziguye
Abaguzi basanzwe bakoresha ikirango kimwe cyo kwisiga barashobora kuzigama byoroshye ibintu byinshi bipfunyika bya plastiki.Kubera ko ibikoresho byo kwisiga muri rusange ari bito mubunini, nubwo abaguzi bashaka kubikoresha, ntibashobora gutekereza uburyo bwiza bwo kubikoresha."Kubera ko gupakira ibintu byo kwisiga bigenewe kwisiga, reka bikomeze gutwarwa."Ikirangantego cyo kwisiga cyabanyamerika Kjaer Weis noneho yatanze aigisubizo kirambye cyo gupakira: kuzuza ibisanduku bipfunyika &imigano.
Agasanduku kuzura gashobora gutwikira ibicuruzwa byinshi nkigicucu cyamaso, mascara, lipstick, fondasiyo, nibindi, kandi biroroshye kubisenya no kubisubiramo, mugihe rero abaguzi babuze kwisiga no kugura ibintu, ntibikiri ngombwa.Ugomba kugura ibicuruzwa bifite agasanduku gashya ko gupakira, ariko urashobora kugura mu buryo butaziguye "intangiriro" yo kwisiga ku giciro gito, hanyuma ukabishyira mu gasanduku kambere ko kwisiga wenyine.Byongeye kandi, hashingiwe ku gasanduku gakondo ko kwisiga gakondo, isosiyete yanashizeho mu buryo bwihariye agasanduku ko kwisiga kakozwe mu bikoresho byangirika kandi byangiza.Abaguzi bahisemo iyi paki ntibashobora kuyuzuza gusa, ariko kandi ntibagomba no kubitekerezaho.Umwanda iyo ujugunye kure.
Iyo utezimbere ibyo bikoresho byo kwisiga birambye kubakoresha, Kjaer Weis nawe yitondera imvugo yo kugurisha.Ntabwo ishimangira buhumyi ibibazo byo kurengera ibidukikije, ahubwo ihuza igitekerezo cyo kuramba n "" gushaka ubwiza "ihagarariwe no kwisiga.Fusion itanga igitekerezo cyagaciro cy "abantu nisi basangiye ubwiza" kubaguzi.Birumvikana ko icy'ingenzi ari uko iha abaguzi impamvu yumvikana rwose yo kugura: kwisiga nta gupakira ni ubukungu.
Guhitamo kw'abaguzi guhitamo ibicuruzwa birahinduka buhoro buhoro.Nigute ushobora gukurura abakiriya mugihe gishya no gukoresha amahirwe mashya yubucuruzi mugutezimbere ibipfunyika no kugabanya imyanda nikibazo ibigo byose bigomba gutangira gutekereza kuri ubu, kuko, "Iterambere rirambye" ntabwo arikintu gikunzwe cyane, ariko ubungubu nigihe kizaza cyibigo byamamaza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-18-2023
