Ubushinwa ni kimwe mu bihugu bifite umutungo w’imigano mwinshi ku isi, ufite amoko 857 y’ibiti by’imigano bigizwe na genera 44.Nk’ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi rusange bwa cyenda bwerekeye umutungo w’amashyamba, ubuso bw’ishyamba ry’imigano mu Bushinwa ni hegitari miliyoni 6.41, naho ubwoko bw’imigano, ubuso n’ibisohoka byose biza ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi.Ubushinwa nabwo ni igihugu cya mbere ku isi kumenya no gukoresha imigano.Umuco wimigano ufite amateka maremare.Inganda zikora imigano zihuza inganda zibanze, izisumbuye, na kaminuza.Ibicuruzwa by'imigano bifite agaciro kanini kandi bifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha.Hakozwe urutonde rusaga 100 rwibicuruzwa bigera ku 10,000, bikoreshwa mu biribwa., gupakira, gutwara no kuvura nizindi nzego.
“Raporo” yerekana ko mu myaka 20 ishize, inganda z’imigano mu Bushinwa zateye imbere mu buryo bwihuse, kandi ibyiciro by’ibicuruzwa n’imikorere yabyo byabaye byinshi.Urebye ku isoko mpuzamahanga, Ubushinwa bufite umwanya ukomeye mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga bw’ibicuruzwa by’imigano.Nibikorwa byingenzi ku isi bitanga umusaruro, abaguzi no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze yimigano, kandi mugihe kimwe, nabwo butumiza cyane imigano.Mu 2021, ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga biva mu migano n'ibicuruzwa bya rattan mu Bushinwa bizagera kuri miliyari 2.781 z'amadolari y'Amerika, muri byo ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa na rattan bizaba miliyari 2.755 z'amadolari y'Amerika, ubucuruzi bwo gutumiza mu mahanga buzaba miliyoni 26 US amadolari, ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bizaba miliyari 2.653 z'amadolari y'Amerika, naho ubucuruzi bwo gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga ibicuruzwa bya rattan bizaba miliyari 2.755 z'amadolari y'Amerika.Ubucuruzi bwinjije miliyoni 128 z'amadolari.Ubucuruzi bwoherezwa mu mahanga ibicuruzwa biva mu migano byari miliyari 2.645 z'amadolari y'Amerika, naho ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga byari miliyoni 8.12 z'amadolari y'Amerika.Kuva mu 2011 kugeza 2021, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ibicuruzwa biva mu migano mu Bushinwa bizerekana iterambere muri rusange.Mu mwaka wa 2011, Ubushinwa ibicuruzwa biva mu migano byoherezwa mu mahanga byari miliyari 1.501 z'amadolari y'Amerika, naho mu 2021 bizaba miliyari 2.645 z'amadolari y'Amerika, byiyongereyeho 176.22%, naho ubwiyongere bw'umwaka ni 17,62%.Bitewe n’icyorezo gishya cy’ikamba ku isi, umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga by’imigano mu Bushinwa byagabanutse kuva muri 2019 kugeza 2020, naho umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere muri 2019 na 2020 wari 0.52% na 3.10%.Mu 2021, izamuka ry’ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa by’imigano mu Bushinwa rizazamuka, aho izamuka rya 20.34%.
Kuva mu mwaka wa 2011 kugeza mu wa 2021, ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga by’imigano mu Bushinwa buziyongera ku buryo bugaragara, buva kuri miliyoni 380 z’amadolari y’Amerika muri 2011 bugere kuri miliyari 1.14 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu 2021, naho umubare w’ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa by’imigano mu Bushinwa uziyongera uva kuri 25% muri 2011 kugeza kuri 43% muri 2021;ibicuruzwa byose byoherezwa mu mahanga by’imigano n’ibiribwa byazamutse cyane mbere ya 2017, bigera ku mwaka wa 2016, byose hamwe byinjije miliyoni 240 z’amadolari y’Amerika muri 2011, miliyoni 320 z’amadolari y’Amerika muri 2016, bigabanuka bigera kuri miliyoni 230 z’amadolari y’Amerika muri 2020. Kwiyongera kw’umwaka kugera kuri miliyoni 240 z'amadolari y'Amerika. , bingana n’igipimo cy’ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga by’Ubushinwa byageze ku gipimo cya 18% mu mwaka wa 2016, bikamanuka kugera kuri 9% mu 2021. Kuva mu 2011 kugeza mu wa 2021, ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu Bushinwa bizahinduka muri rusange.Mu mwaka wa 2011, ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga biva mu Bushinwa byari miliyoni 12.08 z'amadolari y'Amerika, naho 2021 bizaba miliyoni 8.12 z'amadolari y'Amerika.Kuva mu 2011 kugeza 2017, ubucuruzi bwo gutumiza mu mahanga imigano mu Bushinwa bwerekanye ko bwamanutse.Muri 2017, ubucuruzi bwo gutumiza mu mahanga bwiyongereyeho 352.46%.
Dukurikije isesengura rya “Raporo”, mu myaka yashize, umuvuduko ngarukamwaka w’ubwiyongere bw’ibicuruzwa by’imigano mu Bushinwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byari bike.Hamwe n’ibikenerwa ku bicuruzwa bibisi ku masoko y’imbere mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga, birihutirwa gushakisha ingingo nshya zo gukura kugira ngo ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga byoherezwe mu mahanga.Ugereranije n’Ubushinwa ibicuruzwa byohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, Ubushinwa ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu mahanga ntabwo ari binini.Ibicuruzwa by’imigano mu Bushinwa ni ibicuruzwa by’imigano n’ibikoresho bikozwe mu migano.Ubushinwa ibicuruzwa biva mu migano no gutumiza mu mahanga byibanda cyane cyane mu turere twateye imbere mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo y’inyanja, kandi intara za Sichuan na Anhui zifite umutungo w’imigano ntizitabira ubucuruzi.
Ibicuruzwa “imigano aho kuba plastiki” bigenda bitandukana
Ku ya 24 Kamena 2022, amashami y’Ubushinwa n’umuryango mpuzamahanga w’imigano na Rattan bafatanije gahunda yo “Gusimbuza plastike n’imigano” yo kugabanya umwanda wa plastike no guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.Ibicuruzwa bya plastiki bikoreshwa mu rugero rutari ruto mu Bushinwa, ibyo bikaba bitera igitutu kinini kurengera ibidukikije.Muri 2019 honyine, buri mwaka ikoreshwa ry’ibyatsi bya pulasitike mu Bushinwa ryari hafi toni 30.000, ni ukuvuga hafi miliyari 46, kandi buri mwaka umuturage akoresha ibyatsi arenga 30. Kuva 2014 kugeza 2019, ingano y’isoko ry’ibisanduku by’ibiribwa byihuta mu Bushinwa yiyongereye kuva kuri Miliyari 3,56 kugeza kuri miliyari 9.63Muri 2020, Ubushinwa buzakoresha udusanduku twa sasita twa miliyari 44.5.Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu biro bya Leta bishinzwe amaposita, inganda zitanga ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa zitanga toni zigera kuri miliyoni 1.8 buri mwaka.Iterambere ry'ubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga, ikoreshwa ry'imigano ryatangiye kwinjira mu bice byinshi by’inganda.Ibigo bimwe na bimwe byo murugo byatangiye gukora "imigano aho kuba plastike", nk'igitambaro cya fibre fibre, masike ya fibre fibre, amenyo yoza amenyo, igitambaro cy'imigano n'ibindi bikenerwa buri munsi.Imigano y'imigano, imigano ya ice cream, imigano yo kurya imigano, agasanduku ka sasita ya bambo hamwe nibindi bikoresho byo kurya.Ibicuruzwa by'imigano byinjira bucece mubuzima bwa buri munsi muburyo bushya.
“Raporo” yerekana ko ukurikije imibare ya gasutamo y'Ubushinwa, agaciro ko kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga “gusimbuza plastiki n'imigano” ni miliyari 1.663 z'amadolari y'Amerika, bingana na 60.36% by'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.Muri byo, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga cyane ni imigano izengurutse imigano hamwe n’ibiti bizunguruka, bifite agaciro ka miliyoni 369 z’amadolari y’Amerika, bingana na 22.2% by’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga “imigano aho kuba plastiki”.Yakurikiwe na chopsticks yimigano hamwe nibindi bikoresho byo kumeza, imigano yoherezwa mu mahanga yari miliyoni 292 z'amadolari ya Amerika na miliyoni 289 z'amadolari y'Amerika, bingana na 17.54% na 17.39% by'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.Imigano ya buri munsi ibikenerwa, imbaho zo gutema imigano hamwe nuduseke tw’imigano byari hejuru ya 10% by’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, naho ibindi bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bike.
Nk’uko imibare ya gasutamo y’Ubushinwa ibigaragaza, agaciro k’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga “gusimbuza imigano n’ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki” ni miliyoni 5.43 z’amadolari y’Amerika, bingana na 20.87% by’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga imigano na rattan.Muri byo, ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga cyane ni ibitebo by'imigano hamwe n'ibitebo bya rattan, bifite agaciro ka miliyoni 1.63 z'amadolari ya Amerika na miliyoni 1.57 z'amadolari y'Amerika, bingana na 30.04% na 28.94% by'ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga “imigano aho kuba plastiki”.Yakurikiwe n’ibindi bikoresho byo ku meza by’imigano hamwe n’ibindi bikoresho by’imigano, ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga byari 920.000 by’amadolari y’Amerika na 600.000 by’amadolari y’Amerika, bingana na 17% na 11.06% by’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.
“Raporo” yizera ko kuri ubu, “gusimbuza plastiki n'ibicuruzwa” bikoreshwa cyane mu bikenerwa buri munsi.Imigano yimigano, igicuruzwa kivuka, biteganijwe ko izasimbuza ibyatsi byimpapuro na aside polylactique (PLA) ibyatsi byangirika kubera "anti-scald, biramba kandi ntibyoroshye koroshya, inzira yoroshye nigiciro gito".Ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bikoreshwa mumigano ya fibre fibre yamashanyarazi yashyizwe kumasoko menshi kandi byoherezwa mumasoko yuburayi na Amerika.Ibikoresho bikoreshwa kumeza birashobora gukoreshwa kandi birashobora gukoresha imigano yoroheje yimigano n imigano kugirango bakore ibikoresho byo kumeza, nkibisahani, ibikombe, ibyuma nudukoni, ibiyiko, nibindi. .Bitandukanye na plastiki gakondo zishingiye kuri peteroli, plastiki ikomoka ku migano ikomoka ku migano irashobora gusimbuza neza isoko isoko rya plastiki.
Ubushobozi bwa karubone bukurikirana amashyamba yimigano burenze kure ubw'ibiti bisanzwe, kandi ni imyanda ikomeye ya karubone.Ibicuruzwa by'imigano bigumana ikirenge cya karuboni nkeya cyangwa na zeru mu buzima bw’ibicuruzwa, bifasha kugabanya umuvuduko w’imihindagurikire y’ikirere kandi bigira uruhare runini mu kugera ku ntego yo kutabogama kwa karubone.Ingaruka.Ibicuruzwa bimwe byimigano ntibishobora gusimbuza plastiki gusa kugirango abantu babone ibyo bakeneye, ariko kandi byujuje ibisabwa byo kurengera ibidukikije.Nyamara, ibicuruzwa byinshi byimigano biracyari mu ntangiriro, kandi umugabane wabo ku isoko no kumenyekana bigomba kunozwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-28-2023
